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Oral history
John F. Kennedy Oral History Collection
JFKOH-MJH-01
In this interview Hillenbrand discusses President John F. Kennedy [JFK] entering office amid the Berlin crisis; working as the Director of the Office of German Affairs with JFK; the Berlin Task Force and the Ambassadorial Group; JFK's attitude towards the German problem and German reactions to the Kennedy Administration; the State Department and Germany; the 1961 Vienna talks with Nikita S. Khrushchev; the erection of the Berlin Wall and the crisis it generated; the Kennedy Administration's reaction and response to the Berlin Wall; talks with Russia over Berlin and the Wall; the press "leaks crisis" on the Germany problem; JFK's working style and approach to problems, according to Hillenbrand; the impact of the Cuban Missile Crisis on the Berlin talks; JFK's German policy and relationship with German leaders; and what JFK accomplished related to Germany, among other issues.
Oral history
John F. Kennedy Oral History Collection
JFKOH-RFK-02
In this interview Robert F. Kennedy [RFK] discusses the 1961 Berlin crisis; American forces, military and diplomatic, in Germany; John F. Kennedy’s [JFK] recommendation for Americans to have fallout shelters; nuclear testing; problems with the Department of State; the start of the conflict in Vietnam, 1961; the Department of Justice under RFK and organized crime; RFK’s difficult relationship with J. Edgar Hoover; the wiretapping bill; new federal judgeships in 1961 and other presidential appointments; the Alliance for Progress; Red China; crises during JFK’s presidency and how he was an optimist; RFK’s move for an income tax increase during the Berlin crisis; RFK’s disagreements with President JFK; indecisiveness over picking JFK’s running mate, 1960; the missile gap; fighting and UN operations in the Congo; Nikita S. Khrushchev’s speeches; RFK’s 1962 trip to Japan, Indonesia, Germany, and other countries; the release of Allen L. Pope; Dutch disputes in Southeast Asia; the 1961 crisis in the Dominican Republic and the assassination of Rafael Leonidas Trujillo Molina; the 1962 disarmament conference in Geneva; Edward M. Kennedy’s 1962 campaign for U.S. Senate; the Kennedy family national and political reputation; the Justice Department under RFK and civil rights; and the 1962 steel crisis, among other issues.
Oral history
Robert F. Kennedy Oral History Collection
RFKOH-JEN-05
In this interview Nolan discusses Robert F. Kennedy [RFK] right after John F. Kennedy’s assassination; RFK’s speeches and appearances in early 1964 and his plans to leave the Department of Justice; the trip to Europe in the summer of 1964; planning RFK’s visit to Poland; RFK in Germany and Poland; and RFK’s decision to run for Senate in New York in 1964 and his campaign, among other issues.
Photograph folder
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-1963-06-26-F
ST26, KN37
Photograph folder
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-1963-06-26-D
ST26, KN37
Photograph folder
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-1963-06-26-C
ST26, KN37
Photograph folder
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-1963-06-26-B
ST26, KN37
Photograph folder
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-1963-06-26-A
KN37
Photograph
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-ST-C230-3-63
President John F. Kennedy (center left foreground, back to camera) visits the Berlin Wall near Checkpoint Charlie in West Berlin, West Germany (Federal Republic). Also pictured: Chancellor of West Germany, Konrad Adenauer; Mayor of West Berlin, Willy Brandt; Eunice Kennedy Shriver; U.S. Chief of Protocol, Angier Biddle Duke; U.S. Secretary of State, Dean Rusk; Jay W. Gildner, of the United States Information Agency (USIA); White House Secret Service agent, Gerald A. “Jerry” Behn.
Photograph
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-ST-C230-18-63
President John F. Kennedy (right, standing at microphones) delivers remarks at Free University of Berlin in West Berlin, West Germany (Federal Republic). Those seated on stage at left include: Chancellor of West Germany, Konrad Adenauer; Mayor of West Berlin, Willy Brandt; Speaker of the Berlin House of Representatives, Otto Bach; Free University Rector, Ernst Heinitz; French Commandant in Berlin, Major General Edouard Toulouse; Director of Radio in the American Sector (RIAS) in Berlin and translator for President Kennedy, Robert Lochner. [Scratches at bottom of image are original to the negative.]
Photograph
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-ST-C230-37-63
President John F. Kennedy (far left) observes as Speaker of the Berlin House of Representatives, Otto Bach, delivers remarks from the steps of West Berlin’s city hall, Rathaus Schöneberg, before a crowd gathered at Rudolph Wilde Platz. West Germany (Federal Republic).
Photograph
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-ST-C230-36-63
Crowds gather at Rudolph Wilde Platz in West Berlin, West Germany (Federal Republic), to hear President John F. Kennedy deliver remarks from the steps of West Berlin’s city hall, Rathaus Schöneberg.
Photograph
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-ST-C230-26-63
President John F. Kennedy (center, back to camera) listens as Speaker of the Berlin House of Representatives, Otto Bach, delivers remarks from the steps of West Berlin’s city hall, Rathaus Schöneberg, before a crowd gathered at Rudolph Wilde Platz. Interpreter for the German Foreign Ministry, Heinz Weber, and Military Aide to President Kennedy, General Chester V. Clifton, stand right of the President. West Germany (Federal Republic).
Photograph
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-ST-C230-17-63
President John F. Kennedy (right foreground) views the crowd gathered at Rudolph Wilde Platz in West Berlin, West Germany (Federal Republic), to hear him deliver remarks. President Kennedy delivered his speech from the steps of West Berlin’s city hall, Rathaus Schöneberg.
Photograph
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-ST-C230-38-63
President John F. Kennedy views East Berlin, East Germany (Democratic Republic), from an elevated platform at Checkpoint Charlie along the Berlin Wall in West Berlin, West Germany (Federal Republic). Also pictured: Chancellor of West Germany, Konrad Adenauer; Mayor of West Berlin, Willy Brandt; West German Ambassador to the United States, Karl Heinrich Knappstein; Minister for All-German Affairs, Dr. Rainer Barzel; Commanding General of the Berlin Brigade, Major General Frederick O. Hartel; Military Aide to President Kennedy, General Chester V. Clifton; Director of Radio in the American Sector (RIAS) in Berlin and translator for the President, Robert Lochner; U.S. Secretary of State, Dean Rusk; U.S. Commandant in Berlin, Major General James H. Polk; White House Secret Service agent, Gerald A. “Jerry” Behn. [Vertical blemish near center of image is original to the negative.]
Photograph
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-ST-C230-23-63
President John F. Kennedy views East Berlin, East Germany (Democratic Republic), from an elevated platform at Checkpoint Charlie along the Berlin Wall in West Berlin, West Germany (Federal Republic). Standing with the President: Mayor of West Berlin, Willy Brandt; Commanding General of the Berlin Brigade, Major General Frederick O. Hartel; U.S. Commandant in Berlin, Major General James H. Polk.
Photograph
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-ST-C230-2-63
President John F. Kennedy (center left foreground, back to camera) visits the Berlin Wall near Checkpoint Charlie in West Berlin, West Germany (Federal Republic). Also pictured: Chancellor of West Germany, Konrad Adenauer; Mayor of West Berlin, Willy Brandt; U.S. Chief of Protocol, Angier Biddle Duke; U.S. Secretary of State, Dean Rusk; Jay W. Gildner, of the United States Information Agency (USIA); White House Secret Service agents, James J. Rowley, Gerald A. “Jerry” Behn, and Roy Kellerman.
Photograph
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-ST-C230-1-63
President John F. Kennedy (center) visits Checkpoint Charlie along the Berlin Wall in West Berlin, West Germany (Federal Republic). Also pictured: Chancellor of West Germany, Konrad Adenauer; Mayor of West Berlin, Willy Brandt; Commanding General of the Berlin Brigade, Major General Frederick O. Hartel; U.S. Chief of Protocol, Angier Biddle Duke; Military Aide to President Kennedy, General Chester V. Clifton; Director of Radio in the American Sector (RIAS) in Berlin and translator for the President, Robert Lochner; White House Secret Service agents, James J. Rowley, Sam Sulliman, Paul A. Burns, Jerry Blaine, Gerald A. “Jerry” Behn, Floyd Boring, and Roy Kellerman.
Photograph
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-ST-C230-30-63
President John F. Kennedy (mostly hidden) views the Brandenburg Gate (hung with red banners) in East Berlin, East Germany (Democratic Republic), from an elevated platform at the Berlin Wall in West Berlin, West Germany (Federal Republic). Also pictured: Chancellor of West Germany, Konrad Adenauer; Minister for All-German Affairs, Dr. Rainer Barzel; U.S. Chief of Protocol, Angier Biddle Duke; Military Aide to President Kennedy, General Chester V. Clifton; White House Secret Service agents, Floyd Boring and Gerald A. “Jerry” Behn. Reporters and photographers observe from below platform at right. Yellow sign in background reads, “In the agreements of Yalta and Potsdam U.S. Presidents Roosevelt and Truman undertook: to uproot German militarism and Nazism; to arrest war criminals and bring them to judgment; to prevent rebirth of German militarism; to ban all militarist and Nazi propaganda; to ensure that Germany never again menaces her neighbours or world peace. These pledges have been fulfilled in the Democratic Republic. When will these pledges be fulfilled in West Germany and West Berlin, President Kennedy?”
Photograph
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-ST-C230-29-63
President John F. Kennedy views the Brandenburg Gate (hung with red banners) in East Berlin, East Germany (Democratic Republic), from an elevated platform at the Berlin Wall in West Berlin, West Germany (Federal Republic). Also pictured: Mayor of West Berlin, Willy Brandt; White House Secret Service agents, Floyd Boring, Gerald A. “Jerry” Behn, and Jerry Blaine.
Photograph
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-KN-C29292
President John F. Kennedy (center) receives an honorary citizenship award at Free University of Berlin in West Berlin, West Germany (Federal Republic) from University Rector, Ernst Heinitz. Standing right of President Kennedy (backs to camera): Chancellor of West Germany, Konrad Adenauer; Mayor of West Berlin, Willy Brandt. Also pictured: Federal Minister of Economic Cooperation and Development of Germany, Walter Scheel; Minister for All-German Affairs, Dr. Rainer Barzel; West German Ambassador to the United States, Karl Heinrich Knappstein; Chairman of the Committee to Strengthen the Security of the Free World, General Lucius D. Clay; Speaker of the Berlin House of Representatives, Otto Bach; Jay W. Gildner, of the United States Information Agency (USIA); White House Secret Service agent, Floyd Boring. [Horizontal streaks are original to the negative.]
Photograph
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-KN-C29288
President John F. Kennedy (center right, standing at microphones) delivers remarks at Free University of Berlin in West Berlin, West Germany (Federal Republic). Those seated in first row on stage include: U.S. Secretary of State, Dean Rusk; Minister of Foreign Affairs of Germany, Gerhard Schröder; Federal Minister of Economic Cooperation and Development of Germany, Walter Scheel; Minister for All-German Affairs, Dr. Rainer Barzel; West German Ambassador to the United States, Karl Heinrich Knappstein; Chairman of the Committee to Strengthen the Security of the Free World, General Lucius D. Clay; White House Secret Service agent, Floyd Boring. [Blemishes at bottom of image are original to the negative.]
Photograph
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-KN-C29286
President John F. Kennedy (back to camera) delivers remarks at Free University of Berlin in West Berlin, West Germany (Federal Republic).
Photograph
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-KN-C29246
Crowds gather at Free University of Berlin in West Berlin, West Germany (Federal Republic), to hear President John F. Kennedy deliver remarks.
Photograph
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-KN-C29253
President John F. Kennedy (at lectern in foreground, back to camera) delivers remarks before a crowd gathered at Rudolph Wilde Platz in West Berlin, West Germany (Federal Republic). President Kennedy delivered his speech from a platform erected on the steps of West Berlin’s city hall, Rathaus Schöneberg. Chancellor of West Germany, Konrad Adenauer, and interpreter for the German Foreign Ministry, Heinz Weber, stand right of the President; Mayor of West Berlin, Willy Brandt, stands left of the President. Also pictured: U.S. Secretary of State, Dean Rusk; Minister of Foreign Affairs of Germany, Gerhard Schröder; Federal Minister of Economic Cooperation and Development of Germany, Walter Scheel; Air Force Aide to the President, Brigadier General Godfrey T. McHugh; White House Secret Service agent, Gerald A. “Jerry” Behn.