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Oral history
John F. Kennedy Oral History Collection
JFKOH-RFK-07
In this interview Robert F. Kennedy [RFK] and Marshall discuss the very limited proposal for voting rights legislation before the demonstrations in Birmingham, Alabama; how civil rights groups did not always understand politics or how to get things through Congress; John F. Kennedy [JFK] trying to explain political difficulties to civil rights leaders; meetings on civil rights legislation and the strategy for getting the votes for a civil rights bill in both houses of Congress; RFK’s disagreements with Lyndon B. Johnson on civil rights legislation; RFK, the Justice Department, and the reapportionment cases; RFK’s meeting with James Baldwin and the subsequent attack on RFK in the press; JFK’s role in the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, 1963; speeches at the March on Washington; George Wallace, Alabama state troopers, and the investigation into the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing in Birmingham, September, 1963; and JFK, James J. Delaney, and the issue of aid to church schools, among other issues.
Oral history
John F. Kennedy Oral History Collection
JFKOH-RFK-05
In this interview Robert F. Kennedy [RFK] and Marshall discuss how John F. Kennedy [JFK] and RFK grew increasingly more involved with and concerned about civil rights; getting Martin Luther King out of jail during JFK’s 1960 campaign; civil rights advisers during JFK’s 1960 campaign; RFK becoming Attorney General amidst the civil rights battle and the transitional period in the Department of Justice [DOJ]; how Marshall got his position in the DOJ; the struggle over school desegregation; the New Orleans school crisis of February 1961; the Freedom Riders and violence against them; sending federal marshals to Alabama; trying to find a bus driver to get the Freedom Riders out of Birmingham, Alabama; criticism of RFK’s response to the Freedom Riders; how Freedom Riders were arrested and threatened in Mississippi; African-American voting rights in the South and DOJ authority; difficulties with judges; Supreme Court appointments; the FBI and organized crime; reorganization of the DOJ; RFK’s interactions with the FBI and J. Edgar Hoover after JFK’s death; Hoover’s allegations about JFK and the Kennedy family; the alleged FBI wiretapping of officials; JFK’s opinion of Hoover; FBI press releases; connecting the civil rights movement with communism to discredit it; FBI involvement in civil rights matters; issues with the FBI as having civilian control of a police force; JFK’s communication with King and other civil rights leaders; civil rights legislation; the issue of equal employment; the Civil Rights Commission; and violence against African Americans in Birmingham in the spring of 1963, among other issues.
Photograph folder
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-1963-09-24-B
ST29
Photograph
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-ST-435-6-63
President John F. Kennedy (seated at desk) delivers remarks at the signing of the Health Professions Educational Assistance Act of 1963. Standing: Chief of Pediatrics at Johns Hopkins Hospital, Dr. Robert E. Cooke; Senator Jacob K. Javits (New York); Under Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW), Ivan A. Nestingen; Representative Claude Pepper (Florida); Director of the Department of Legislation for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO), Andrew Biemiller; Senator John O. Pastore (Rhode Island); Senator Ralph Yarborough (Texas); Senator Hubert H. Humphrey (Minnesota); Senator Lister Hill (Alabama); Senator Harrison A. Williams (New Jersey); Senator George A. Smathers (Florida); Representative Seymour Halpern (New York); Representative Paul G. Rogers (Florida); Representative Oren Harris (Arkansas); Special Assistant to the Secretary of HEW for Health and Medical Affairs, Boisfeuillet Jones (mostly hidden); Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson (partially hidden); Representative Kenneth A. Roberts (Alabama); Representative Hale Boggs (Louisiana); Representative William L. Springer (Illinois); Senator Abraham Ribicoff (Connecticut); Senator Claiborne Pell (Rhode Island); Representative George M. Rhodes (Pennsylvania); Surgeon General of the Public Health Service, Luther L. Terry (partially hidden on edge of frame). Oval Office, White House, Washington, D.C.